Modern, commercial gold exploration in Ethiopia was begun tentatively in 1979 by the USSR, with further work done in the 1980s by the government’s own Geological Survey Department. But it was a substantial Norwegian-Ethiopian collaboration that took place from 1996 to 2001 which delivered a meaningful step forward. This project undertook geological mapping on both a large and small-scale, as well as geophysical and geochemical surveys. It revealed numerous gold showings in western Ethiopia and a follow-up project with detailed mapping, stream sediment sampling and diamond drilling was also undertaken.